Lecture: Urban Sustainability and Energy

🏙️ Urban Sustainability and Energy

1. What Is Urban Sustainability?

Urban sustainability means building cities that are green, inclusive, and resilient — serving current and future generations.

Sustainable cities:

  • Use resources efficiently
  • Reduce pollution and waste
  • Provide affordable housing and services
  • Promote equity and well-being

📌 Related to SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities

2. Challenges in Urban Areas

🌍 Over 55% of the world’s population lives in cities, projected to reach 68% by 2050.

Key urban challenges include:

  • 🚦 Traffic congestion
  • 🏚️ Housing shortages
  • 🌫️ Air and noise pollution
  • 🌡️ Urban heat islands
  • 🗑️ Waste and water management
  • 🧑‍🤝‍🧑 Social and economic inequality

3. Key Elements of Sustainable Urban Design

  • 🚌 Public transport – clean, efficient, accessible
  • 🌳 Green spaces – parks, green roofs, biodiversity
  • 🏘️ Affordable housing – for all income levels
  • ♻️ Efficient resource use – water, waste, materials
  • 🏢 Mixed-use and compact cities – reduce urban sprawl
  • 📱 Smart planning – data-driven and inclusive

4. The Role of Energy in Urban Sustainability

⚡ Cities consume over 75% of global energy and generate 70% of emissions.

Sustainable energy practices include:

  • 🌞 Renewable energy (solar, wind, geothermal)
  • 💡 Energy-efficient lighting and appliances
  • 🚘 Clean mobility (e-bikes, electric vehicles, public transport)
  • 🏗️ Green building design and smart grids

5. Energy Efficiency and Technology

Energy efficiency means achieving the same results using less energy.

Examples of smart technologies:

  • 📶 Smart meters and grids
  • 🏠 Passive solar building design
  • 🔁 Automated systems for heating/cooling
  • 📊 Real-time energy monitoring

6. Examples of Sustainable Cities

  • 🇩🇰 Copenhagen – bike lanes, carbon-neutral by 2025
  • 🇸🇬 Singapore – vertical greenery and smart tech
  • 🇩🇪 Freiburg – solar energy leader
  • 🇧🇷 Curitiba – efficient public transport system

7. Role of Citizens and Local Governments

Citizens can:

  • 🚲 Use bikes, walk, or take public transport
  • 💡 Save energy at home
  • ♻️ Recycle and reduce waste
  • 🛍️ Support local, sustainable businesses

Local governments can:

  • 🌱 Invest in green infrastructure
  • 📏 Set sustainability standards and codes
  • 🏘️ Plan inclusive neighborhoods
  • 🧑‍🤝‍🧑 Involve communities in decisions

✅ Key Takeaways

  • Cities must be designed to be livable, inclusive, and resilient
  • Energy efficiency and clean energy are central to sustainability
  • Technology and planning make sustainable cities possible
  • Everyone — citizens, local leaders, designers — plays a role

🎓 Final section: course review, final test, and certificate of completion.